WASTER LAMBULGE, tua pleuches, payis yeirlie:
      Maill . . . Thre lib. sex sh. aucht d.
      Multer . . . Tua bollis.
      Custom . . . Ane martt, ane wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, with careaige and dewe seruice.

KYNRARA MOIR, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
      Maill . . . Fywe lib. sex sh. aucht cl.
      Multer Four bollis.
      Custom Tua martis, tua wadderis, auclit pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, with careaige and dewe seruice.

GORTINCREIF, tua pleuches, payis yeirlie
     Maill . . . Fyftie thre sh. four d.
     Multer. . . Tua bollis.
     Custom Ane martt, ane wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe areaidge, carcaidge, and dewe seruice.

DALPHOUR, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fywe lib. sex sh. aucht d.
     Multer . . . Four bollis.
     Custom . . . Tua martis, tua wadderis, aucht pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe areaidge, careaidge, and dewe seruice.

PETTECHAERNE, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fywe lib. sex sh. aucht d.
     Multer . . . Four bollis.
     Custom . . . Tua marttis, tua wadderis, aucht pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, with areaidge, careaidge, and dewe seruice.

DALREADYE and KNIGTAHAR, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fywe lib. sex sh. aucht d.
     Multer . . . Four bollis.
     Custom . . . Tua martis, tua wadderis, aucht pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, with areaidge, carcaidge, and dewe seruice.

PETTOURYE, tua pleuches and the third of tua pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Thre lib. alewin sh. tua d.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis, tua firlottis, tua pecks, a;nd tua part pecks.
     Custom . . . Ane martt and third part martt, ane wadder, ane third part wadder, sex pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe arcaidge, careaidge, and dewe seruice.

KVNCRAGYE, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fywe lib. sex sh. aucht d.
      Multer . . . Four bollis.
     Custom . . . Tua marttis, tua muttoun, aucht pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe areaidge, carcaidge, and dewe seruice.

ESTER REATT, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Aucht libs.
     Multer . . . Four bollis.
     Custom . . . Tua marttis, tua wadderis, aucht pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe arcaidge, careaidge, and dewe seruice.
[Note] Malcolme-tosche occupies this toun in fie.

MIDLE REATT, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fywe lib. sex sh. aucht d.
     Multer . . . Four bollis.
     Custom . . . Tua marttis, tua wadderis, aucht pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe areaidge, carcaidge, and dewe seruice.

WASTER REATT, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fywe lib. sex sh. aucht d.
     Multer . . . Four bollis.
     Custom . . . Tua martis, tua wadderis, aucht pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe arcaidge, careaidge, and dewe seruice.

ARDBRELACHE, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fywe fib. sex sh. aucht d.
     Multer . . . Four bollis.
     Custom . . . Tua martiis, tua wadderis, aucht pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe careaidge, and dewe seruice.

KYNGUSIE MOIR, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Thre lib. sex sh. aucht d.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis, tua firlotts.
     Ferme . . . Tuentie four bollis.
     Ferme . . . Auchtein bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane martt, ane wadder, ane lamb, aucht pultre, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.
           Gillechallum m'soirll, ane quarter thairof, sett for fywe yeirs, sex bollis tua pecks Entres 1603. of his wictuall sauld to him the yeirs conteint in this sett, at tua marks the boll. MYLNE OF KYNGUSIE, payis yeirlic:
     Maill . . . Aucht libs.
     Custom . . Ane dosan capones.
      Sett for nyne bollis wictuall, to Alexander Gordoun of Beldornye. Mylne of Kyngusie, and the Abbey croiftis sett to Ingram Scoit for thre yeirs, his entres at Witsonday, jaj vi and sewin yeirs, for yeirlie payment of ane chalder wictuall.

PETMEANE, tua pIcuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fyiftic thre sh. four d.
     Multer. . . Tua bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane martt, ane wadder, ane kyid or ane lamb, four pultre, ane stein buttir, tua stein cheis, withe arcaidge, careaidge, and dew seruice.
     Thomas m'allester vcthomas, tenent to the haill.
          [Note]Sett for thre yeirs, entres at Witsonday 1603 yeirs. Garsome thre yeiris, tua hindrethe libs thairof ane half at mertimes next, and the wther half at bartholme day thairefter.

BELLOCHROAN, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fyftie thre sh. four d.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis, tua firlottis.
     Ferme . . . Tua chalderis. Ferme . . . Tuentie four bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane martt, ane wadder, ane lamb, aucht pultre, withe careaidge, and dewe seruice.

STROVNE, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fywe lib. sex sh. aucht d.
     Multer Four bollis.
     Custom Tua marttis, tua wadderis, aucht pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe careaidge and dewe seruice.
          James glas alias mcintosche, tenent.

CLONE, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fywe lib. sex sh. aucht d.
     Multer . . . Four bollis.
     Custom . . . Tua marttis, tua wadderis, aucht pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, arcaidge, and carcaidge. (Payes in lambes.)
          Lauchlan mcintosche, tenent.
           Malcometosche hes this dauche in fie.

BANNACHAR, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fywe lib. sex sh. aucht d.
     Multer . . . Four bollis.
     Custom . . . Tua martis, tua wadderis, aucht pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe careaidge and seruice. (Payes in lambes.)
          Lauchlane mcintoshe, tenent.
          Malcohnetosche hes this dauch in fie.

MYLNE and CROIFTIS thairof, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Sex lib. thraten sh. four d.
          Lauchlane mcintosche, tenent.
          Malcolmtosche in fie.

BALLETMOIR, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill Fywe lib. sex sh. aucht d.
     Multer Four bollis.
     Custom Tua marttis, tua wadderis, aucht pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe areaidge, careaidge, and dewe seruice.

BALLETBRIGE, tua pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fyiftie thre sh. four d.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane martt, ane wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, with seruice and careaidge.

NESINTULLICHE and INNERNAVINE, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fywe lib. sex sh. aucht d.
     Multer . . . Four bollis.
     Custom . . . Tua martis, tua wadderis, aucht pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, arcaidge, and careaidge.

ESTER CROBINE, tua pleuches, payes yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fyiftie thre sh. four d.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane martt, ane wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

WASTER CROBINE, tua pleuches, payes yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fyiftie thre sh. four d.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane mart, ane wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

PRESMUKRA, tua pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fyiftie thre sh. four d.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane martt, ane wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

DALLANDACHE, tua pleuches, payis yeirlie:      Maill . . . Fyiftie thre sh. four d.      Multer . . . Tua bollis.      Custom . . . Ane martt, ane wadder., four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, arcaidge, and careaidge. ETTRAS, tua pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fyiftie thre sh. four d.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane martt, ane wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.
          James mcintosche m'onilglas tenent to the haill, reseruand aluayes the fischinge to serue the place.

FOYNES and LAICHLANYE, tua pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fyiftie thre sh. four d.
     Multer. . . Tua bollis.
     Teynd . . . Aucht bollis.
     Custom Ane martt, ane wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

NUIDMOIR, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fyiftie thre sh. four d.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis, tua firlottis.
     Custom . . . Ane mart, ane wadder, ane lamb, aucht pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.
     Ferme . . . Thratie tua bollis ferme.
     Wictuall . . Auchtein bollis ferme wicttuall.

NUIDBEIGE, four pleuches, payes yeirlic:
     Maill . . . Fywe lib. sex sh. aucht d.
     Multer . . . Four bollis.
     Custom . . . Tua martis, tua wadderis, aucht pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, arcaidge, and careaidge.

RUTHVEN, thre pleuches, payes yeirlie
     Maill . . . Four libs.
     Multer . . . Three bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane martt, ane half martt, ane wadder, ane half wadder, sex pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, scruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

MYLNE RUTHVEN, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Four libs.

INNERTROMYE, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fywe lib. sex sh. aucht d.
     Multer . . . Four bollis.
     Custom . . . Tua martfis, tua wadderis, aucht PUltre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe scruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

KEILLEHUNTLYE, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fywe lib. sex sh. aucht d.
     Multer . . . Four bollis.
     Custom . . . Tua marttis, tua wadderis, aucht pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

CROIFT thairof, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Tuentie sex sh. aucht d.

INNERRUGLAS, tua pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fyiftie thre sh. four d.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane martt, ane wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane larnb, withe seruice, arcaidge, and careaidge.

CLOVNYE, thre pleuches, payes yeirlie
     Maill . . . Four lib.
     Muller . . . Thre bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane martt and half martt, ane wadder and half wadder, sex pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.
          Andro mcfarsen, ² tenent to the haill.

PETTEGOVAN, tua pleuches, payes yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fyiftie thre sh. four d.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane martt, ane wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.
     James mcintosche, tenent. [Wedsett in James mcintosche handis.]

GASKMOIR, four plcuches, payes yeirlic:
     Maill . . . Fywe lib. sex sh. aucht d.
     Multer . . . Four bollis.
     Custom. . . Tua marttis, tua wadderis, aucht pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.
          James mcintosche, tenent. [Wedsett in James mcintosche handis.]

BLAIROVEY MOIR and GARGASK, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fywe lib. sex sh. aucht d.
     Multer. . . Four bollis.
     Custom . . . Tua marttis, tua wadderis, aucht pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

CRATHEMOIR and GARGASKAR, fywe pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Sex lib.
     Multer. . . Fywe bollis.
     Custom . . .Tua marttis and half mart, tua wadderis and half wadder, ten pultre, ilk tenant ane kyid or ane lamb, with seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

MYLNE thairof.

CRATHECROVE, tua pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fyiftie thre sh. four d.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane inartt, ane wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

KVILARNOCHE, thre pleuches, payes yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Four lib.
     Multer . . . Thre bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane martt and half martt, ane wadder and balf wadder, sex pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

GARVEY BEIGE, tua pleuches, payes yeirlie
     Maill . . . Fyiftic thre sh. four d
     Multer . . . Tua bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane martt, ane wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

GARVEY MOIR, tua pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fyiftie thre sh. four d.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis. Custom Ane martt, ane wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

WASTER SCHYROCHE, tua pleuches, payis yeirlic:
     Maill . . . Fyiftie thre sh. four d.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane martt, ane wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe scruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

ESTER SCHIROCHE, tua pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fourtie sh.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis.
     Custom . . . Half a mart, half a wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

TEARFADDOUNE, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fywc lib. sex sh. aucht d.
     Multer . . . Four bollis.
     Custom . . . Tua marttis, tua muttoun, aucht pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

ORD, tua pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fyiftic thre sh. four d.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane martt, ane wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

STRAMASIE, tua pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fyiftie thre sh. four d.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane martt, ane wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe scruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

BLAIROVEY BEIGE, tua pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fyiftle thre sh. four d.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane martt, ane wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

GASCOLONYE, tua pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fyiftie thre sh, four d.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane martt, ane wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe scruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

CATTELLEITT, tua pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fyiftie thre sh. four d.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane martt, ane wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice and careaidge.

BRACKACHYE, tua pleuches, payis yeirlie;
     Maill . . . Fyiftie thre sh. four d.
     Multer . . . Tua bollis.
     Custom . . . Ane martt, ane wadder, four pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge.

FERLATT AND COREARNISTAILBEIGE, four pleuches, payis yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fywe lib. sex sh. aucht d.
     Multer . . . Four bollis.
     Custom . . . Tua marttis, tua wadderis, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge, aucht pultre.

INNERMERKYE, four pleuches, payes yeirlie:
     Maill . . . Fywe lib, sex sh, aucht d.
     Multer . . . Four bollis.
     Custom . . . Tua marttis, tua wadders, aucht pultre, ilk tenent ane kyid or ane lamb, withe seruice, areaidge, and careaidge, tua dosan pultre.

RENTALL of MACKINTOSCHE fie landis within the LORDSCHIP
      of BADZENOCH, sett at Witsonday, jaj vic and sewin yeirs.

DUNACHTANES, MEKLE AND LYTILL, MYLNE AND CROIFTIS
      THAIROF, AND THE THIRD PARTT LANDIS OF PETOURYE,
      NINE PLEUCHS, and third part pleuche.

     Sett to Johne m'intosche, for the spaice of thre yeirs, his entres beginand att Witsonday, jaj vie and sewin yeirs, for yeirlie payment of ane hundrethe libs money. Mem. My lord hes gewin to him ane discharge for the yeir of God jaj. vie and sewin yeirs.

DALLAVERTT, ane dauche, payes yeirlie:
     Fourtie markis.

KYNRARANAKYILL, ane dauche, payes yeirlic:
     Maill . . . Fywe libs. sex sh. aucht d.
     Multer . . . Four bollis.
     Custom . . . Tua marttis, tua muttoun, tua lambes, aucht pultre, withe seruice.

      Cosmo Innes in his 'Lectures on Scotch Legal Antiquities,' published at Edinburgh in 1872, gives the following interesting and instructive commentary on the Rental of the Lordship of Huntly of 16oo, and of the Lordship of Badenoch of 1603 :
     "After another considerable interval, we have a very minute account of the management, tenures, and rents, and customs of the great estates of the noble family of Gordon in the Northern Counties. Beginning at the Enzie on the Banff coast, the Gordon territory at that time went in a broad stripe through Strathbolgy, Strathspey, Badenoch, and Lochaber to the west sea. This rental shows us the agricultural holdings -- very often about two ploughgates each -- set to eight tenants in joint-occupancy, each holding two oxgangs, and contributing two oxen to the common plough.

     "The payments, like the labour, were in common. A very small sum was paid in money, distinguished as maill or silver-maill. Next come certain bolls of oatmeal and bear, which is always distinguished as ferme -- that is, the real and solid part of the rent, producing on a barony of moderate extent such a quantity of oatmeal and bear fit for malting, as to require distinct barns for holding the lord's share.

     "Under the head of ' Customs' are included several commodities in small quantities. These are generally a mart or ox to be killed at Martinmas, two or three wedders or muttons, as many lambs, grice or young pigs, geese, capons and poultry, chickens, eggs, and almost universally the ancient tax of a reek hen, or a hen for every fire-house. A very little tallow is paid from the alehouse of the barony, and there are customs of butter and cheese in very small quantities. Besides these commodities for the kitchen, the lowcountry farms often pay a few ells of cloth, not of wool, but linen cloth of three- quarters broad for my lady's napery. I observe it might be commuted at ten shillings an ell.

     "Let me give you a few specimens of the rental. The farm of Wttingstone in the parish of Dunbenane in Strathbogy, was set for five years from 1600. It consisted of two ploughs, and was held by three tenants, one of whom held eight oxgangs, and the other two each four oxgangs. They paid a ferme victual Of 4 chalders, 8 bolls, and 12 bolls custom meal, 4 wedders, 2 dozen. chickens, a reek hen for every fire-house, and a leit of peats.

     " Take another farm, Kirktown of Cabrach, measuring one plough of land, was set for a money rent of 40 pounds maill and 2 stone of butter; no ferme is payable from this tenancy, and the Cabrach is still better adapted for dairy than corn cultivation,

     "Now to notice a much wilder country. In Lochaber the tenancy is measured in marklands. Mamoir in Lochaber measures 40 marklands, and every markland pays to my lord 'tua markis.' The land is possessed by Allan Macolduy. I suppose he is the head of the clan Cameron -- the Locheil of his day. Gargavach consists of 40 marklands, but it pays only 40 marks. Glenavis is a ten markland, and pays only ten marks; but I think these rents cannot be taken as the value of the holdings, but probably as some remainder of an old compact between the Gordons and Camerons.

     "In Badenoch we have again the measurement by ploughs. Kingussie Beig was four ploughs, and paid yearly £5, 6s. 8d. of money maill; and of custom, two marts, two weddtrs, eight poultry, each tenant (the number not given) paying a kid or a lamb, with areadge and careadge,' and due service.

     " I observe through all the lordship of Badenoch a small money-rent, which, I told you, was not the case so commonly in the low country. Even now the harvest is very uncertain in Badenoch, and the landlord chose to have the cattle-produce in money, except such marts as he could consume himself.

     "The most prominent items in the rental of the lordships of Huntlie and Enzie are the silver maill and ferm victual, Huntly paying yearly in silver maill a sum of £1777, 3s., and of ferme victual 2385 bolls. Enzie making a return yearly of £462, 16s. 8d. in silver maill, and of ferme victual 968 bolls, 2 firlots, 2-1/2 pecks. From the lordship of Badenoch a rent of £261, 2s. 10d. was obtained, while only 173 bolls of ferme victual seems to have been paid, and that from one parish only, Skearalvey. A large quantity of bear was paid in multure in the lordship of Badenoch, and stands a fair comparison with that derived from the lordship of Huntly -- the former returning 185 bolls, 2-1/2 pecks; the latter 218 bolls, 3 firlots. Wheat is to be found only once in this rental. I ' t formed a small item in the return made as ferme victual by the lordship of Enzie. Badenoch being a pastoral country, makes a great return in marts, the number being 92-5/6. Huntly comes next, its number being 42-3/4, and Enzie last, the number being 21-1/8. Huntly again makes a return of 167-3/4 gryse -- the other lordships making no return in this species of revenue. Capons, geese, poultry, chickens, and eggs also form a considerable item in the revenue, more especially in the lordship of Huntly. In the lordship of Enzie a quantity of brew tallow was paid. This duty seems to have been specially exigible from alehouses, one of which appears to have been attached to every farm in this lordship.

     "But to enable you to judge more definitely of the difference in rents between a Highland and a Lowland country, I shall take as good specimens the parishes of Kingussic and Bellie.

     "In the parish of Kingussie there are altogether 23 holdings, each generally held by several joint- tenants. There are 73 ploughgates, 4 mills, with their crofts, and the return is as follows :

     "You may take a rough average of the rent of this parish per ploughgate -- the ploughgate being the work of 8 oxen, that is, equal to eight times 13 acres Scotch, or104 acres.

     "Taking the average, then, in the parish of Kingussie, every ploughgate paid as follows : £1, 1s. 1d. of silver maill; one boll of multure; two bolls, one firlot of ferme; two pecks of teind ; half a mart; a third of a lamb; one-sixth of a capon; two poultry fowls; also a small portion of butter and cheese, and everywhere areadge and careadge, and due service, which I can only explain as the carriage required for my lord's house, and the agricultural service at seed-time and harvest.

     "Turning now to the parish of Bellie, which is in the lowest part of the lordship of Enzie, I have summed the whole of the farms, and the different items exigible from the tenants in the name of rent, and I find there are about thirty ploughgates in this parish, and the aggregate rent may thus be stated:

     "You will keep in view that in this parish the rent is not derived from land alone by far the largest item of silver maill being that derived from the fishing, and that the mills, of which there are six, with their respective crofts, and the alehouses, ten in number, contribute a proportion of the custom exactions.

     "By taking, again, the average rent of a plougbgate, including the rent paid for mills and alehouses, the result may approximately be thus stated: £2, 8s. of silver maill; twenty bolls of ferme victual; one boll and a half of multer bear; one-third of a mart; two wedders; one swine; eight capons; one goose ; nine poultry fowls; four chickens; thirty eggs; half a stone of butter; three ells of custom linen ; one barrel of salmon.

     "You will remember that we calculated £1, 1s. 1d. to be the average rent of a Ploughgate of land in Kingussie, whereas in the parish of Bellie the same measure of land paid £2, 8s. This difference in rents between the two parishes can only be accounted for by supposing that the patriarchal relation between the chief and his clansmen counted more in Kingussie than in Bellie, or that the two districts were in different states of agricultural improvement and occupation; or, again, that the lands of Bellie were twice as productive as those of Kingussie -- which is the most probable reason for the difference of rents. The fishings of Bellie pay a rent Of £323 in silver maill. One does not expect to find the fishings of a small north-country parish yield four and a half times more in silver maill than the revenue derivable from the land. But the cruives of Spey are in Bellie.

     "In all that vast estate, reaching from sea to sea, and across ranges of mountains now everywhere pastured by sheep and cattle -- there is no payment of wool or woollen cloth, nor of hides or skins, nor any amount of sheep and cattle, beyond the occasional mart or wedder for the lord's table.

     "In fact there were at that time no cattle or sheep reared in large flocks and herds in our Highlands. The space and pasture were the same as we know them now, but the thousands and millions of sheep which graze them now had not yet taken possession. The first introduction of large flocks of sheep into the Highlands was in the last quarter of last century. Gough the antiquary, writing in 1780, Says that Mr Loch's plans for introducing sheep had been 'attended with some success,' and that the sheep promised to thrive very well in the Highlands.

     "But at this time --1600 -- there was nothing but the petty flock of sheep or herd of a few milk-cows grazed close round the farmhouse, and folded nightly for fear of the wolf or more cunning depredators." ³

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^{1 and 2} In the Badenoch Rental of 1603, as printed in vol. iv. of 'The Miscellany of the Spalding Club,' the names Ewin mcFarsen and Andro mcfarsen are, through an error on the part either of the transcriber or the printer, inserted " Ewin mcFarlen " and " Andro mcFarlen." Mr Fraser- Mackintosh founds upon this palpable error the inference that "so little known does he" (i.e., the Cluny Macpherson of the time) "seem to have been, that Huntly's chamberlain, who made out the Badenoch Rental in 1603, calls him Andro McFarlen." In view of the historical fact, among others, that in the interests of Huntly the same Cluny Macpherson had at the head of his clan in I594--only nine years previously-- successfully defended Ruthven Castle when besieged by the Earl of Argyll with 10,000 men (among whom was Mackintosh of the time), it is abundantly obvious to all unprejudiced critics that such an inference is utterly baseless. Mr MacBain of Inverness, in a recent article on the Clan Chattan in ' The Highland Monthly,' practically homologated that inference, but in that Magazine for May 1892 he has made the amende honorable in the following terms :
      " The correction which I have to make on my Clan Chattan articles concerns this Andrew Macpherson of 1591 1648. In the Huntly Rental of 1603, as printed in the 'Spalding Club Miscellany,' vol. iv., he is called 'Andro McFarlen.' In commenting on this blunder, I said, 'Perhaps Mr FraserMackintosh's inference is right as to the national importance of Cluny Macpherson then, when he says, " So little known does he seem to have been that Huntly's chamberlain, who made out the Badenoch Rental in 1603, calls him Andro McFarlen."' I have lately, through the good offices of, and in company with, Mr Macpherson, banker, Kingussie , had an opportunity of seeing the original document from which the above was printed. There, plainly enough, the name is Andre, McFarsen, and the McFarlen of the book is either a printer's or a transcriber's error. Mr Fraser Mackintosh's inference is therefore wrong. The Macphersons and the Marquis of Huntly were especially friendly, as their defence of Ruthven Castle in 1594, when the battle of Glenlivet took place, and other facts amply prove. Huntly and his estate officials were well acquainted with the Macpherson chiefs, so that a mistake like McFarlen for McFarsen could only happen through carelessness. As a matter of fact, however, the mistake did not occur; and I take this opportunity of correcting the error into which I fell, and of withdrawing the inference deduced therefrom."